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The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere ( ''Dai-tō-a Kyōeiken'') was an imperial propaganda concept created and promulgated for occupied Asian populations during the first third of the Shōwa era by the government and military of the Empire of Japan. It extended greater than East Asia and promoted the cultural and economic unity of Northeast Asians, Southeast Asians, and Oceanians. It also declared the intention to create a self-sufficient "bloc of Asian nations led by the Japanese and free of Western powers". It was announced in a radio address entitled "The International Situation and Japan's Position" by Foreign Minister Hachirō Arita on June 29, 1940.〔William Theodore De Bary (2008), (Sources of East Asian Tradition: The modern period ), p. 622, ISBN 0-231-14323-0〕 ''An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus''—a secret document completed in 1943 for high-ranking government use—laid out the superior position of Japan in the Greater Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, showing the subordination of other nations was part of explicit policy and not forced by the war.〔John W. Dower, ''War Without Mercy: Race & Power in the Pacific War'' p263-4 ISBN 0-394-50030-X〕 It explicitly states the superiority of the Japanese over other Asian races and provides evidence that the Sphere was inherently hierarchical, including the Japanese Empire's true intention of domination over the Asian continent and Pacific Ocean.〔Dower, John W. (1986). ''War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War,'' pp. 262-290.〕 ==Development of concept== Similar to the term "Third Reich", which was a military exploitation of a non-military term proposed by Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, the phrase "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" was proposed by Kiyoshi Miki, a Kyoto School analytic philosopher who was actually opposed to militarism. An earlier, influential concept was the geographically smaller version called New Order in East Asia (東亜新秩序 ''Tōa Shin Chitsujo''), which was announced by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe on 22 December 1938 and was limited to Northeast Asia only.〔Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (2006), ''(Asian security reassessed )'', pp. 48-49, 63, ISBN 981-230-400-2〕 The original concept was an idealistic wish to "free" Asia from colonial powers, but soon, nationalists saw it as a way to gain resources to keep Japan a modern power, and militarists saw the same resources as raw materials for war.〔John Toland, ''The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936-1945'' p 447 Random House New York 1970〕 Many Japanese nationalists were drawn to it as an ideal.〔James L. McClain, ''Japan: A Modern History'' p 494 ISBN 0-393-04156-5〕 Many of them remained convinced, throughout the war, that the Sphere was idealistic, offering slogans in a newspaper competition, praising the sphere for constructive efforts and peace.〔John Toland, ''The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936-1945'' p 449 Random House New York 1970〕 Konoe planned the Sphere in 1940 in an attempt to create a Great East Asia, comprising Japan, Manchukuo, China, and parts of Southeast Asia, that would, according to imperial propaganda, establish a new international order seeking "co prosperity" for Asian countries which would share prosperity and peace, free from Western colonialism and domination.〔Iriye, Akira. (1999). ''Pearl Harbor and the coming of the Pacific War: a Brief History with Documents and Essays,'' p. 6.〕 Military goals of this expansion included naval operations in the Indian Ocean and the isolation of Australia.〔Ugaki, Matome. (1991). ''Fading Victory: The Diary of Ugaki Matome, 1941-1945,'' p. __.〕 This would enable the principle of hakkō ichiu.〔James L. McClain, ''Japan: A Modern History'' p 470 ISBN 0-393-04156-5〕 This was one of a number of slogans and concepts used in the justification of Japanese aggression in East Asia in the 1930s through the end of World War II. The term "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" is remembered largely as a front for the Japanese control of occupied countries during World War II, in which puppet governments manipulated local populations and economies for the benefit of Imperial Japan. To combat the protectionist dollar and sterling zones, Japanese economic planners called for a "yen bloc."〔James L. McClain, ''Japan: A Modern History'' p 460 ISBN 0-393-04156-5〕 Japan's experiment with such financial imperialism encompassed both official and semi-official colonies.〔James L. McClain, ''Japan: A Modern History'' p 461-2 ISBN 0-393-04156-5〕 In the period between 1895 (when Japan annexed Taiwan) and 1937 (the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War), monetary specialists in Tokyo directed and managed programs of coordinated monetary reforms in Taiwan, Korea, Manchuria, and the peripheral Japanese-controlled islands in the Pacific. These reforms aimed to foster a network of linked political and economic relationships. These efforts foundered in the eventual debacle of the Greater East-Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.〔Vande Walle, Willy ''et al.'' (''The 'money doctors' from Japan: finance, imperialism, and the building of the Yen Bloc, 1894-1937'' ) (abstract). FRIS/Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 2007-2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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